Pre-Ride Motorcycle Checklist

Motorcycles are more sensitive to road and weather conditions than larger vehicles. Even a minor mechanical issue can lead to a loss of control or a breakdown in a dangerous location. A thorough pre-ride checklist can reduce the risk of mechanical failure, improve handling, and help riders identify problems before they lead to a motorcycle accident.

Tires and Wheels

Riders should check:

• Tire pressure: Use a pressure gauge to confirm it meets manufacturer specifications. Low pressure can cause poor handling; overinflation reduces traction.
• Tread depth: Inspect for uneven wear or bald spots. A worn tire compromises grip, especially in wet conditions.
• Cracks, punctures, or embedded debris: Replace any damaged tire immediately.
• Wheel alignment and spoke tension: Make sure wheels are true and free from wobbles or unusual movement.

Controls and Cables

Smooth, responsive controls are essential for safe riding. Check the:

• Throttle: Make sure it opens and snaps back smoothly.
• Clutch and brake levers: Test for proper tension and range of motion.
• Cables: Inspect for fraying, kinks, or signs of wear. Lubricate if necessary.

Lights and Electrical Systems

Visibility is crucial, especially at dawn, dusk, or night. Double check that the following are functional:

• Headlights: Check both low and high beams.
• Brake lights and turn signals: Test each to ensure they activate and flash properly.
• Horn: Make sure it sounds clear.
• Battery: Look for corrosion or loose terminals.

Fluids and Leaks

A motorcycle relies on several fluids to operate safely. Inspect:

• Engine oil: Check the level and color. Dark or low oil may indicate a need for a change.
• Brake fluid: Inspect reservoirs for proper levels.
• Coolant (if applicable): Ensure levels are within the recommended range.
• Leaks: Look under the motorcycle for any signs of dripping or pooling fluid.

Brakes and Suspension

Stopping power and ride stability are critical. Check:

• Front and rear brakes: Test for firmness and responsiveness.
• Brake pads: Inspect for excessive wear.
• Suspension: Look for leaking fork seals and test for smooth travel by compressing the front and rear ends.

Chain or Belt

If the motorcycle uses a chain drive, ensure:

• Proper tension: Too loose or too tight can cause damage or failure.
• Lubrication: A dry chain increases friction and wear. For belt drives, inspect for cracks or fraying.

Kickstand or Center Stand

Ensure the stand deploys and retracts smoothly and that the safety switch (if present) functions properly.

Helmet and Safety Gear Check

A helmet is the most important piece of protective gear a rider wears. Before every ride:

• Inspect for cracks or damage: Replace the helmet if it has been dropped or involved in a crash.
• Check the chin strap: Ensure it fastens securely and comfortably.
• Inspect the visor: Clean it for clear visibility and check for scratches or clouding.

Gloves, jacket, pants, and boots are also recommended.

Can Failing to Complete a Pre-Ride Checklist Impact Accident Liability?

In personal injury or insurance claims, liability often depends on whether each party acted with reasonable care. If a rider overlooks obvious maintenance issues—such as bald tires, faulty brakes, or non-functioning lights—and those issues play a role in the collision, the rider may be found partially at fault.

Under Pennsylvania’s modified comparative negligence rule, an injured motorcyclist can still recover damages if they are 50% or less at fault for the accident. However, the compensation is reduced by their percentage of responsibility. For example, if a rider failed to check their brake system before a crash and is found 25% at fault, their total recovery would be reduced by 25%.